Data compression schemes fall into two categories. Some are lossless, others are lossy. Lossless schemes are those that do not lose information in the compression process. MCM531 Handouts PDFLossy schemes are those that may lead to the loss of information. Lossy techniques often provide more compression than lossless ones and are therefore popular in settings in which minor errors can be tolerated, as in the case of images and audio.
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In cases where the data being compressed consists of long sequences of the same value, the compression technique called run-length encoding, which is a lossless method, is popular. MCM531 Handouts PDF It is the process of replacing sequences of identical data elements with a code indicating the element that is repeated and the number of times it occurs in the sequence of data compression: Image compression Several compression systems have been developed specifically for the representation of images.
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system Known as GIF (abbreviation for Graphics Interchange Format, some people pronounce it “Giff” and others pronounce it “Jiff”) A dictionary coding system developed by CompuServe. MCM531 Handouts PDF Pressure approach The problem is reducing the number of colors that can be assigned to a pixel to 256. Red, green, blue Each of these color combinations is encoded in 3 bytes and these 256 encodings are stored in a file.
A table (dictionary) is called a plate. Each pixel in the image can be represented by 1 byte This value indicates which of the 256 entries in the palette represents the pixel color. (a single byte contains one of 256 different bit patterns.) GIF is a lossy compression system when applied. MCM531 Handouts PDF All images, such as colors in the palette, may not be identical to the original image colors. GIF can extend this simple dictionary system to an adaptive dictionary to achieve additional compression.
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